REDES SOCIAIS

26°C

Salário mínimo será de R$ 1.621 em 2026; veja o que muda e como o valor foi calculado

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O salário mínimo nacional será de R$ 1.621 a partir de 1º de janeiro de 2026 ? R$ 103 a mais que os R$ 1.518 em vigor atualmente.

Com o cálculo, que foi antecipado pelo g1, o salário mínimo ficou:

??A explicação é que a inflação, um dos indicadores usados no cálculo, ficou menor do que o esperado.

Para ter validade, o presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva ainda precisa oficializar o novo valor, com a publicação de um decreto presidencial.

O novo salário mínimo entra em vigor em 1º de janeiro. Ou seja: quem recebe o salário mínimo (ou múltiplos dele) ou benefícios vinculados a esse valor, como o seguro-desemprego e o Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), já recebe o total reajustado no início de fevereiro.

Evolução do salário mínimo
Em reais

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Fonte: Fonte: Dieese e governo federal

Entenda abaixo como funciona o salário mínimo, qual a regra de reajuste e como essa mudança impacta a economia brasileira.

Como funciona o salário mínimo?

Como o nome já indica, o salário mínimo é a menor remuneração que um trabalhador formal pode receber no país.

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?A Constituição diz que trabalhadores urbanos e rurais têm direito a um “salário mínimo, fixado em lei, nacionalmente unificado, capaz de atender a suas necessidades vitais básicas e às de sua família com moradia, alimentação, educação, saúde, lazer, vestuário, higiene, transporte e previdência social, com reajustes periódicos que lhe preservem o poder aquisitivo, sendo vedada sua vinculação para qualquer fim”.

Para o Dieese, o salário mínimo mensal necessário para a manutenção de uma família de quatro pessoas deveria ter sido de R$ 7.067,18 em novembro desse ano, ou 4,66 vezes o piso mínimo nacional de R$ 1.518.

Além disso, pela Constituição, o salário mínimo tem que ser reajustado ao menos pela inflação, para garantir a manutenção do chamado “poder de compra”. Se a inflação é de 10%, o salário tem de subir pelo menos 10% para garantir que seja possível comprar, na média, os mesmos produtos.

Nos governos Michel Temer e Jair Bolsonaro, o reajuste do salário mínimo seguiu exatamente essa regra. Foi reajustado apenas pela inflação, sem ganho real. No mandato de Lula, o salário mínimo voltou a subir acima da inflação (veja detalhes sobre a nova regra mais abaixo nessa reportagem).

Para impedir um crescimento maior da dívida pública, e consequentemente dos juros cobrados do setor produtivo, alguns economistas defendem, porém, que o piso dos benefícios previdenciários deixe de ser vinculado ao salário mínimo, e que volte a ter correção apenas pela inflação.

Referência para 59,9 milhões de pessoas

De acordo com nota técnica divulgada em janeiro deste ano pelo Departamento Intersindical de Estatística e Estudos Socioeconômicos (Dieese), o salário mínimo serve de referência para 59,9 milhões de pessoas no Brasil.

Além dos trabalhadores que, por contrato, recebem um salário mínimo (ou múltiplos do mínimo), há também as aposentadorias e benefícios como o Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) vinculados ao mesmo valor.

O salário mínimo também gera impactos indiretos na economia, como o aumento do “salário médio” dos brasileiros e a elevação do poder de compra do trabalhador.

Como o governo chegou aos R$ 1.621?

Se cumprisse apenas a regra da Constituição, de corrigir o valor pela inflação, o governo poderia reajustar o salário mínimo dos atuais R$ 1.518 para algo em torno de R$ 1.582.

O cálculo leva em conta a inflação medida pelo Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor (INPC) em 12 meses até novembro, que foi de 4,18%.

O governo Lula, no entanto, prometeu ainda durante a campanha que retomaria a chamada “política de valorização do salário mínimo”, o que significa aumentos para além da inflação.

Em 2023, o Congresso aprovou uma medida provisória editada por Lula incluiu esse mecanismo na lei. Pela nova regra, o reajuste do salário mínimo levava em conta dois fatores:

  • a inflação medida pelo INPC até novembro, como prevê a Constituição;
  • o índice de crescimento real do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) dos dois anos anteriores.

Por essa regra, o salário mínimo desse ano subiria com base na inflação do ano passado, de 4,18%, e no crescimento do PIB de 2024 (3,4%). E avançaria para R$ 1.636.

??Ao ser aplicada, então, considera a inflação em doze meses até novembro deste ano (4,18%) mais 2,5% de alta real (PIB de 2024, limitado a 2,5%), elevando o salário mínimo para R$ 1.621 em 2026.

Impacto nas contas públicas

Ao conceder um reajuste para o salário mínimo, o governo federal também gasta mais. Isso porque os benefícios previdenciários, assim como o valor do abono salarial e do seguro-desemprego, entre outros, não podem ser menores que o valor do mínimo.

  • ?De acordo com cálculos do governo, a cada R$ 1 de aumento do salário mínimo cria-se uma despesa em 2026 de aproximadamente R$ 420 milhões.
  • Um aumento de R$ 103 ao salário mínimo no próximo ano, portanto, corresponde a um crescimento de cerca de R$ 43,2 bilhões nas despesas obrigatórias.

O aumento maior do salário mínimo é um dos principais itens que eleva as gastos obrigatórias. Com isso, sobrarão menos recursos para os gastos “livres” do governo, chamados de “discricionários” ? o que pode afetar políticas do governo federal.

Fonte G1 Brasília

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