Os economistas do mercado financeiro reduziram sua estimativa de inflação para este ano, ao mesmo tempo em que elevaram projeção para o crescimento da economia brasileira.
As expectativas, fruto de pesquisa com mais de 100 instituições financeiras na última semana, constam no relatório “Focus”, divulgado nesta segunda-feira (23) pelo Banco Central (BC).
?? Para a inflação de 2025, a estimativa do mercado recuou de 5,25% para 5,24%. Mesmo assim, continua bem acima do teto da meta, que é de 4,5%. Foi a quarta queda seguida do indicador.
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?? Para 2026, a expectativa de inflação ficou estável em 4,50%.
?? Para 2027, a expectativa continuou em 4%.
?? Para 2028, a expectativa caiu de 3,85% para 3,83%.
- Pelo sistema de metas, o BC tem de calibrar os juros para tentar manter a inflação dentro do intervalo existente.
- Para isso, a instituição olha para frente, pois a Selic demora de seis a 18 meses para ter impacto pleno na economia.
- Neste momento, por exemplo, o BC já está mirando na expectativa de inflação calculada em 12 meses até meados de 2026.
- Desde janeiro, a inflação acumulada em 12 meses é comparada com a meta e com o intervalo de tolerância.
- Se a inflação ficar fora do intervalo de tolerância por seis meses consecutivos, a meta é considerada descumprida.
- Caso a meta de inflação não seja atingida, o BC terá de escrever e enviar uma carta pública ao ministro da Fazenda, Fernando Haddad, explicando os motivos.
Com o estouro da meta de inflação de 2024, o presidente do BC, Gabriel Galípolo, enviou carta ao ministro Haddad no início de janeiro ? creditando o resultado a fatores como a forte atividade econômica, a queda do real e os extremos climáticos.
O BC também admitiu recentemente que a meta de inflação pode ser novamente descumprida em junho deste ano, ao completar seis meses seguidos acima do teto de 4,5%.
? Por que isso importa? Quanto maior a inflação, menor é o poder de compra das pessoas, principalmente das que recebem salários menores. Isso porque os preços dos produtos aumentam, sem que o salário acompanhe esse crescimento.
Produto Interno Bruto
Para o crescimento do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) em 2025, a projeção do mercado subiu de 2,20% para 2,21%.
?? O PIB é a soma de todos os bens e serviços produzidos no país. O indicador serve para medir a evolução da economia.
Já para 2026, a previsão de alta do PIB do mercado financeiro subiu de 1,83% para 1,85%.
Taxa de juros
Os economistas do mercado financeiro elevaram a projeção para a taxa básica de juros neste ano.
O aumento da estimativa ocorreu após o Copom ter elevado a taxa Selic de 14,75% para 15% ao ano na semana passada – decisão que surpreendeu a maior parte do mercado financeiro.
- Para o fechamento de 2025, a projeção do mercado para o juro básico da economia subiu de 14,75% ao ano para 15% ao ano.
- Para o fim de 2026, o mercado financeiro manteve a projeção em 12,50% ao ano.
- Para o fechamento de 2027, a projeção do mercado continuou em 10,50% ao ano.
Outras estimativas
Veja abaixo outras estimativas do mercado financeiro, segundo o BC:
- Dólar: a projeção para a taxa de câmbio para o fim de 2025 recuou de R$ 5,77 para R$ 5,72. Para o fim de 2026, a estimativa permaneceu em R$ 5,80.
- Balança comercial: para o saldo da balança comercial (resultado do total de exportações menos as importações) em 2025, a projeção ficou estável em US$ 74 bilhões de superávit. Para 2026, a expectativa para o saldo positivo permaneceu em US$ 78 bilhões de superávit.
- Investimento estrangeiro: a previsão do relatório para a entrada de investimentos estrangeiros diretos no Brasil neste ano continuou em US$ 70 bilhões. Para 2026, a estimativa de ingresso permaneceu inalterada também em US$ 70 bilhões.
Fonte G1 Brasília