Os analistas do mercado financeiro elevaram a estimativa para o Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA) neste ano de 4,63% para 4,71%.
Com isso, a projeção segue acima do teto da meta de inflação para este ano, que é de 4,50%.
As expectativas, fruto de pesquisa com mais de 100 instituições financeiras na última semana, constam do relatório “Focus” divulgado nesta segunda-feira (2) pelo Banco Central (BC).
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- A meta central de inflação é de 3% neste ano ? e será considerada formalmente cumprida se o índice oscilar entre 1,5% e 4,5% neste ano.
- Caso a meta de inflação não seja atingida, o BC terá de escrever e enviar uma carta pública ao ministro da Fazenda, Fernando Haddad, explicando os motivos.
A projeção do mercado de que a inflação ficará acima do teto da meta neste ano acontece após a divulgação do IPCA de setembro, que veio pressionado por questões climáticas, como a seca, que impactou a energia elétrica e os alimentos.
Além disso, segundo analistas, o aumento de gastos públicos é outro fator que tem pesado para o aumento das projeções de inflação.
O governo anunciou na semana passada algumas medidas para tentar conter os gastos, entre elas propostas para aumento menor do salário mínimo, além de corte na área de educação, mudanças no ajustes no abono salarial e na aposentadoria dos militares.
??Para 2025, a estimativa de inflação subiu novamente na semana passada, avançando de 4,34% para 4,40%. Com isso, ficou mais próxima do teto de 4,5% do sistema de metas.
??E, para 2026, a expectativa subiu de 3,78% para 3,81%.
- Pelo sistema de metas, o BC tem de calibrar os juros para tentar manter a inflação dentro do intervalo existente.
- Para isso, a instituição olha para frente, pois a Selic demora de seis a 18 meses para ter impacto pleno na economia.
- Neste momento, por exemplo, o BC já está mirando na expectativa de inflação calculada em 12 meses até meados de 2026.
?Porque isso importa? Quanto maior a inflação, menor é o poder de compra das pessoas, principalmente das que recebem salários menores. Isso porque os preços dos produtos aumentam, sem que o salário acompanhe esse crescimento.
Produto Interno Bruto
Para o crescimento do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) em 2024, a projeção do mercado subiu de 3,17% para 3,22%.
- O PIB é a soma de todos os bens e serviços produzidos no país. O indicador serve para medir a evolução da economia.
- Já para 2025, a previsão de alta do PIB do mercado financeiro ficou estável em 1,95%.
Taxa de juros
Os economistas do mercado financeiro continuaram prevendo aumento da taxa básica de juros da economia brasileira até o fim do ano.
- Atualmente, a taxa Selic está em 11,25% ao ano, após dois aumentos.
- Para o fechamento de 2024, a projeção do mercado para o juro básico da economia continuou em 11,75% ao ano, o que pressupõe uma nova elevação até o fim do ano.
- Para o fim de 2025, o mercado financeiro elevou a projeção de 12,25% para 12,63% ao ano.
- Com isso, os economistas passaram a prever uma alta maior de juros no próximo ano.
Outras estimativas
Veja abaixo outras estimativas do mercado financeiro, segundo o BC:
- Dólar: a projeção para a taxa de câmbio para o fim de 2024 permaneceu em R$ 5,70. Para o fim de 2025, a estimativa avançou de R$ 5,55 para R$ 5,60.
- Balança comercial: para o saldo da balança comercial (resultado do total de exportações menos as importações), a projeção continuou em US$ 75 bilhões de superávit em 2024. Para 2025, a expectativa para o saldo positivo caiu de US$ 76,3 bilhões para US$ 76 bilhões de superávit.
- Investimento estrangeiro: a previsão do relatório para a entrada de investimentos estrangeiros diretos no Brasil neste ano caiu de US$ 71,6 bilhões para US$ 71,1 bilhões. Para 2025, a estimativa de ingresso recuou de US$ 73,6 bilhões para US$ 73,3 bilhões.
Fonte G1 Brasília